Just a quick blog for my own use of the Dragon Ball cosmology (and now calcs)
Cosmology[]
Earth
Earth's map is here (chozenshuu 4, page 38.). Earth contains Kami's lookout which is a different dimension but materializes when connected to the Power Pole. There is a room of time in Kami's lookout where the past, present and future are made (Shown in Dragon Ball episode 129.). There is a door in Kami's lookout that leads to a different realm that contains a starry sky (DBZ episodes 108-117) with it being called a divine realm (Daizenshuu 5, page 42.). The Room of Spirit and Time is another dimension from Kami's lookout with its own flow of time, and there is a dimensional wall separating it from the regular universe.
Living universe is infinite in size
The universe has nebulae containing countless stars, and galaxies containing countless nebulae. Earth resides in the Solar System, a galactic nebula at the edge of the edge of the north galaxy. It is also an infinite space that extends infinitely (Daizenshuu 4, page 44.). Stated to be an infinite space of light and darkness (Daizenshuu 4, page 16.). Once again stated to be an infinite darkness (Daizenshuu 4, page 17.). The living world is stated to be infinitely expansive (Daizenshuu 4, page 54.). The Universe is stated to be an endless expansive space (Daizenshuu 4, page 72.). There an an infinite number of galaxies (Daizenshuu 4) Stated to be an endless expanse here ("This World" shows an endless expanse, you will find that the DB world holds a worldview with a tremendous scale beyond human understanding.") (Chozenshuu 4, page 34.). It is stated to contain infinite galaxies once again (Chozenshuu 4, page 49.). Shenron states the universe is a boundless expanse (Dragon Ball Super episode 12.). The Demon Realm is a dimension comparable in size to the universe and exits on its reverse side (Daizenshuu 4, page 72.). Beerus' planet is across the universe (DBS episode 19.) and falling from it will lead you to another dimension (DBS episode 18.). The Namekians are from a different realm in the universe (Dragon Ball Super interval).
Rest of the macrocosm(s)
The world beyond has three different areas, being the kaio realm where Heaven is located, Enma's realm where souls are judged, and Hell where bad souls go. Going from Enma's realm to Hell is possible but the other way around is impossible. Going from the enma realm to the kaio world is impossible without special techniques (Daizenshuu world view source.). The living universe and the world beyond are sealed off from each other (Daizenshuu 4 page 72.) and are stated to be separated by space-time. Goku stated that time doesn't mean much/exist much in the other world further supporting this (DBZ episode 282/Chapter 476.). Heaven is stated to be as wide as the universe meaning it's infinite in size (Daizenshuu 4, page 73 and Daizenshuu 7, page 36.). Hell is comparable if not larger and contains multiple distinct levels with Frieza's Hell being its own level for him alone (DBS episode 18.). The Grand Kaio's realm contains a mansion that has its own starry sky and is implied to be universal in size (Dragon Ball Z episode 199.). The Kaioshin Realm is iin another dimension (Dragon Book.) that is 1/10th the combined size of the rest of the macrocosm and endlessly revolves around the circumference of the living world and the world beyond (Daizenshuu 4, page 73.). The Grand Kais mansion has a different dimensional space (Daizenshuu 4, page 175.). Otherworld is stated to transcend dimensions that cannot be perceived by the human world (Daizenshuu 4). There are 11 other universes which are the size and scale as universe 7 (Chozenshuu 4, page 34, DBS anime episode 28.).
Timelines
It has been stated that there are tons of timelines and timelines are created over the smallest possible action such as Beerus destroying Zamasu creating a world where Zamasu wasn't destroyed (DBS episode 67.). Dragon Ball Super and Dragon Ball Heroes are strongly implied to be in the same multiverse, just separate dimensions, so it is possible to say DBS has infinite timelines scaling from Heroes (Dragon Ball Battle Hour.).
Outside of the 12 macrocosms
Outside of the macrocosms exists Zeno's world which is stated to exist in a separate space from the 12 universes (Dragon Ball Super special interval.). There is also the world of void which is devoid of space and time and filled with infinite nothingness (DBS episode 78.). According to the Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia, the World of Void lacks the concepts of space and time (Dragon Ball Super: Encyclopedia). There also exists a subspace that lacks the concepts of space and time (Chozenshuu 4, page 35 and 46.)
Calculations[]
Decided to put calculations on this blog since I dont want to create another one. THESE ARE EXTREME LOWBALLS
MSSJ Goku compared to Namek SSJ Goku.[]
Frieza is 10x more powerful than his Namek self as a machine. We also learn that Semi-Perfect Cell is 10x stronger than first form Cell who is more powerful than the androids 17 and 18, who are stronger than Frieza. Super Saiyan Goku with half his strength is stronger than Vegeta who is stronger than Semi-Perfect Cell, but weaker than Perfect Cell, meaning his full power at that point would be an additional 2x. SSJ Grade 3 is 10x stronger than grade 2. As we don't know the multiplier for grade 2, we'd have to apply it to regular Super Saiyan, so MSSJ would be 500x regular Super Saiyan. Adding these up, it would mean MSSJ Cell Games Goku is 100,000x stronger than SSJ Goku on Namek.
For speed this would mean MSSJ Goku is 1.5198776e+13c and Base Goku 3.0397552e+10c
SSJ3 Goku at the end of the buu arc[]
Base Goku got many times stronger in other world, to the point he could handle weighted Pikkon, who one-shot Super Perfect Cell. Cell can bulk up at a level comparable to Grade 3, which is a 10x boost, and obviously his perfect and Super Perfect selves are greater, meaning base Goku should be at least 10x stronger. At least during the fight with Fat Buu, Goku would be 500x stronger as a MSSJ, an additional 2x for SSJ2 and another 4x as a SSJ3.
Later, after de-fusing as Vegito, Goku in base fights a replica of Ultimate Gohan, who is stronger than Super Buu, meaning base Goku at this point should be stronger than he was as a SSJ3 during the fight with Fat Buu, then he can stack the SSJ3 multipliers again
For speed, this would mean that base Goku is 10x faster than his MSSJ self (1.5198776e+14c), MSSJ Goku is 500x faster (7.599388e+16c), SSJ2 Goku is 2x faster (1.5198776e+17c) and SSJ3 Goku is 4x faster (6.0795104e+17c) during his fight with fat Buu
Goku post-defusion in base would be (6.0795104e+17c), as a MSSJ he'd be (3.0397552e+20c), as a SSJ2 he'd be (6.0795104e+20c) and as a SSJ3 he'd be (2.4318042e+21c).
Finally, after his energy was restored, he could overpower Kid Buu with the spirit bomb and was named the strongest in the universe. Meaning base Goku would be (2.4318042e+21c), MSSJ Goku would be (1.2159021e+24c), SSJ2 Goku would be (2.4318042e+24c) and SSJ3 Goku would be (9.7272168e+24c).
I can't be bothered going through how this would affect Super, especially since I believe Goku has Infinite speed, but if anyone wishes, SSJG Goku would just be thousands of times faster as he'd be faster than a hypothetical SSJ3 Vegito, then absorbing that power in base, then can amp himself by the same amount with his SSJB forms, and then numerous parts of Super where his base surpasses his previous SSJB forms, then stacking everything back on top. At worst, in BoG he'd be 2.91614623+37c